According to the Global TB report of the 2017, released by the World Health Organization (WHO), India has topped the list of 7 countries, computing for about 64% of the over 10 million of the new tuberculosis cases worldwide in the year 2016. India was followed by Indonesia, China, Philippines, Pakistan, Nigeria and South Africa.
The report revealed that almost 1.4 million people died of the TB, including nearly 4 lakh people, who were infected by the HIV, making a drop of 4% as compared to the year 2015. India along with China and Russia accounted for almost half of around 5lakh multidrug-resistant TB(MDR-TB) cases registered in 2016. There were almost 600000 new cases with resistance to rifampicin, the most effective first-line drug, of which 490000 had MDR- TB.
Despite the persistent efforts to battle TB, across the world, that has already saved an estimated 53 million lives since 2000 and downsized the TB mortality rate by 37%, the disease is still rolling like an infectious ball of death in 2016.The disease has also been reported to be the main cause of the death, related to the antimicrobial resistance and the dominant killer of the people with HIV.
The biggest challenge her is the underreporting and under diagnoses of TB cases, especially in the countries with the weak health systems and large unchecked private sectors. It is known that out of the 10.4 million cases, only 6.3 million were detected and hence, debriefed, leaving a whopping gap of 4.1 million. India, Indonesia and Nigeria has been known to cover almost half of this global gap.
Out of Half a million reported cases of HIV-associated TB, 15% were not on antiretroviral therapy (ART) as recommended by WHO. Most of the gaps in relation to the HIV-associated TB, were concerned with the WHO African region. The preventive treatment of TB is widely spreading among the two priority risk groups i.e. people living with HIV and children under 5 years. The people who are most eligible for its treatment arte not accessing it.
The investment in the low and in the middle-income countries for the prevention of the TB have fallen short of almost US 2.3 billion dollars short of the US 9.2 billion dollars needed in 2017.Atleast an additional of US 1.2 billion dollars per year is required to accelerate its preventive vaccines, diagnostics and medicines for the coming years.
However, to stop it, the epidemic actions has to be taken into the consideration other than the health factors which is required to address the risk and the causation of this deadly disease. This disease can completely be prevented by in taking the proper diet and medicine treatment and hence, efforts must be made to make the treatment accesible to all the sections of the society.
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